Olympic Winter Games in Non-Western Cities: State, Sport and Cultural Diplomacy in Sochi 2014, PyeongChang 2018 and Beijing 2022

نویسندگان

چکیده

The summer and winter Olympics share the five-ring logo. However, their social political connotations differ. Olympic Winter Games displays an aura of a game for rich powerful. A few aspiring nations intend to host this luxurious sporting festival in order polish international reputations as powerful actors global capitalist order. cases Sochi 2014, PyeongChang 2018 Beijing 2022 illustrate pattern. Wallerstein’s world-system theory is useful conceptual tool examine context each Olympics, content ceremonies, nature athletic competitions, post-event environment. Although three have different historical backgrounds diplomatic aims, provided trio with opportunity construct image major or regional power. Russian diplomacy was impressive but its aggression undercut soft power exercise on ice. South Korea acquired desired outcomes by hosting peace campaign continued after event. China has potential highlight emerging world status at 2022. Yet, increasing scepticism West may impede diplomacy.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of The History of Sport

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['1743-9035', '0952-3367']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2021.1973441